Suchergebnisse

OBJETIVO: Identificar a percepção de disponibilidade e oferta de apoio social informal e formal entre idosas de uma localidade de baixa renda do Município do Rio de Janeiro. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, de corte seccional realizado por meio de inquérito domiciliar com 369 (83,5%) idosas da comunidade. RESULTADOS: As mulheres tinham condição social desfavorável (49,3% eram não letrados, 71,3% não tinham companheiro, 62,3% referiram renda mensal de até um salário mínimo e 22,0% não tinham renda). Os tipos de apoio informais mais recebidos foram dinheiro, cuidado pessoal e companhia para se locomover. No entanto, elas se apoiavam no cuidado dos netos, moradia e dinheiro. Apenas 20% declararam receber apoio do Estado ou instituições, destacando-se, sobretudo, a cesta básica. As três principais fontes desses apoios formais foram: governo municipal, Igreja e governo estadual. CONCLUSÃO: O fluxo das relações de troca foi maior no sentido das idosas para suas famílias do que o contrário. Ao cuidar dos netos, as idosas possibilitavam que seus filhos trabalhem e, consequentemente, aumentem a renda familiar. ; OBJECTIVE: To identify the perceived availability and provision of informal and formal social support among elderly women in a low income area of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. METHODS: This is descriptive and cross-sectional study; done by using household survey with 369 (83.5%) elderly in the community. RESULTS: Elderly women had an adverse social condition (49.3% were illiterate, 71.3% had no partner, 62.3% reported a monthly income of up to minimum wage and 22.0% had no income.) The most common informal types of support were: money, personal care and companionship for locomotion. However, they relied on the care of grandchildren, housing and money. Only 20% reported receiving support from the state or institutions, most of them as basic food. The three main sources of formal supports were: the municipal government, the church and, the state government. CONCLUSION: The trade of relations had more weight on the side of the older, because the when the elderly cares for their grandchildren, the parents could work and thus increase the household income. ; OBJETIVO: Identificar la percepción de disponibilidad y ofrecimiento de apoyo social informal y formal entre ancianas de una localidad de baja renta del Municipio de Rio de Janeiro. MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, de corte seccional, realizado por medio de encuesta domiciliar con 369 (83,5%) ancianas de la comunidad. RESULTADOS: Las mujeres tenían una condición social desfavorable (49,3% eran analfabetas, 71,3% no tenían compañero, 62,3% informaron una renta mensual de hasta un salario mínimo y 22,0% no tenían renta). Los tipos de apoyo informales más frecuentes fueron dinero, cuidado personal y compañía para la locomoción. Sin embargo, ellas apoyaban en el cuidado de los nietos, vivienda y dinero. Apenas 20% declararon recibir apoyo del estado o instituciones, destacándose, sobre todo, la alimentación básica. Las tres principales fuentes de esos apoyos formales fueron: gobierno municipal, iglesia y gobierno estatal. CONCLUSIÓN: El flujo de las relaciones de intercambio fue más fuerte desde las ancianas hacia sus familias. Debido a que, al cuidar de los nietos, las ancianas posibilitaban que sus hijos pudiesen trabajar y, consecuentemente, aumentar la renta familiar.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of immunity to hepatitis B among nurses active on hemodialysis. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted with 63 professionals from a hemodialysis private service and 29 public service ones that answered a questionnaire containing information on demographics, labor, adoption of biosecurity measures in hemodialysis and related to vaccination, immunity and occupational exposure and non-occupational at Hepatitis B virus. Results: Among the professionals from the private service, the prevalence of immunity to hepatitis B was 93,7% and among the professionals in the public service, the prevalence was 86,2%; in both services were not found statistically significant differences when characteristics related to demographics, laboral and occupational and non-occupational exposure to hepatitis B were considered. Conclusion: Possibly these high prevalences were due to complete immunization schedule against hepatitis B found in over 80% of study participants.

Purpose: To analyze the factors associated with commuting by bicycling and walking in adult participants from ELSA-Brasil (Longitudinal Study of Adult Health). Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Six teaching/research institutions throughout Brazil. Participants: A total of 15 105 civil servants. Measures: Commuting by bicycling and walking was analyzed using the long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Analysis: A hierarchical model containing possible factors associated with commuting by bicycling and walking was constructed. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were calculated using multinomial logistic regression. Results: Considering the 2 forms of commuting, 66% of the participants were being considered inactive or insufficiently active. In women, being "heavier," feeling unsafe practicing physical activity, and being a former smoker were factors negatively associated with commuting by bicycling and walking. In men, active commuting was less common among those who were overweight or had abdominal obesity, those with a negative perception of safety, and those reporting that there was nowhere suitable in the neighborhood to practice physical activity. Conclusion: Obesity and negative perceptions in the neighborhood are associated with inactive or insufficiently active commuting. The relevance of this finding for public health is reinforce developing policies aimed at promoting health in Brazil and in other countries with similar characteristics.